The impact of tariff on markets in 5 acts

The last days have been moved to Ibovespa and global markets in general, with the week starting with expectation of the announcement of Donald Trump, US president of global tariffs, following a repercussion gradually from the decisions of the US leader and finishing the last two sessions of the period with strong risk aversion.

In the week, the 3.52% loss was the highest for B3 index since the week of December 12 to 16, 2022. In the aggregate of the first four sessions of April, 2.31% drops – in the year, rises 5.80%.

Check out the active movement below this turbulent week for investors:

  1. Expectation for tariffs

The week began permeated for expectation for Donald Trump’s “Liberation Day”, which would take place on Wednesday (2), at 17h (Brasília time). Even though a few days left for the announcement, Monday (31), the last day of the quarter, began with low to Ibovespa with fears about Trump’s tariff package, leading to a risk escape. The benchmark downtown on that session was 1.25%, but still sufficient for the index to rise 6.08% of the month of March.

Already on the eve of Liberation Day, April 1, Ibovespa took place from external caution and closed with gains of 0.68%, at 131.147.29 points. From minimum to maximum session, it was from 130,080.54 to 131,982.29 points, leaving opening at 130,266.57 points.

2. The day of the ad

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April 2, a Wednesday, arrived, bringing high expectations for Trump’s announcement in the late afternoon. During much of that Wednesday’s session, Ibovespa operated and closed around zero to zero, waiting for the lines near the closing adjustments.

If Ibovespa in sight closed with a slight positive variation of 0.03%, it cannot be said of the future index, which closed at 6:25 pm, reverberating at least the initial reactions to Trump’s lines.

In the initial minutes of the speech and before the announcement of more direct measures, the Indj25 reached 1.53%, to 133,680 points, softened the gains and, as Trump was detailing the tariff measurements, began to fall, with minimum 130,900 points during the lines, or drop of 0.58%.

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The future index recovered again, but soon had stronger falls and closed down 0.69%at 130,750 points, also following the fall in US markets.

Trump announced the setting of a minimum rate of 10% on imports from all countries. However, nations that apply rates considered “high” against US products will face even higher rates. Already reciprocal tariffs for China will be 34%, while the products of the European Union will be taxed by 20%. For Japan, South Korea and India, the surcharge will be 24%, 25%and 26%, respectively. Switzerland imports will have a 31%rate, while Venezuela products will be taxed by 15%. Brazil was taxed at a minimum level of 10%.

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Dow Jones fell 5.50%at 38,314.86 points; S&P 500 gave 5.97%at 5,074.08 points; and Nasdaq retreated 5.82%at 15,587.79 points

“When the press conference began, the president said the tariffs would start with a 10% base for all cases. This was better than expected, which made the futures rise. But when he entered the details and began to give examples of significantly higher rates than the 10%, that’s when the (US) futures turned and fell to the negative, because it was worse,” Chris said, ” Zaccarelli, Northlight’s Director of Investment Management, which justified the strong volatility of future rates after regular market closure.

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While the fall was relatively modest in the Brazilian post-market, the same cannot be said of the future of NY, which dropped between 1.5% and 2.3% shortly after the announcement on Wednesday.

3. The postnance session

At Trump’s Thursday (3) post-nursing session, Ibovespa escaped relatively unharmed from the side effects of the day of liberation with the realized tariff-which would have come out cheap at first for Brazil when taxed with the minimum expected rate, in force from Saturday (5).

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After the protectionist “liberation”, most global markets underwent a sharp correction, especially the 5.97% diving of New York Technology Index, Nasdaq. Dow Jones gave 3.98% and S&P 500 fell 4.84%. In Brazil, the B3 index closed just below stability (-0.04%) at 131,140.65 points.

The day after the US tariff was a limited retreat to iron ore prices in China, and free fall to oil in London and New York, with losses over 6% at the closure of Brent and WTI.

Despite the negative performance of commodity giants -Vale (Vale3) and Petrobras (Petr4) -the day was advanced for large banks, in a range above 1%for Itaú (Itub4; PN +1.78%), Bradesco (BBDC3; On +1.88%, BBDC4; PN +1 92%) and Santander (Sanb11; Unit; +1.40%). At the winning tip, Auren (Aure3; +7 58%), Magazine Luiza (MGLU3; +5.45%) and Iguatemi (IGTI11; +5.12%). On the opposite side, Brava (BRAV3; -7.18%), Prio (Prio3; -6.95%) and São Martinho (SMTO3; -5.79%).

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In general, at this Thursday’s session, the fall of future interest boosted education companies such as YDUQS (YDUQ3; +3.78%), and favored consumer, retail and construction roles, such as Renner stores (LREN3; +2.24%), Assai (ASAI3; +4.58%), Cyrela (Cyre3; +4.39%) and Magazine) Luiza, said Alison Correia, analyst at Dom Investimentos.

4. Next trading session: even worse – and much bad for Brazil

Friday’s auction also reserved strong emotions to the market, especially after China’s retaliation announcement to the United States-identical 34% in importing imports.

This has reinforced the perception that global economic stagnation is on its way to the Trump government’s protectionist tide. Thus, oil plummeted for the second day, the dollar rose 3.68%, at R $ 5.83, and Ibovespa had its highest drop since December 18, down 2.96%at 127,256.00 points, backwards at mid -March, with very reinforced spin, to R $ 31.8 billion.

Check out Ibovespa’s performance in the week:

Ibovespa performance in the last 5 sessions (Source: Google)

If, on Thursday, the performance of banks and actions associated with the domestic cycle was enough to keep Ibovespa near zero to zero -in a day that had already been global correction -on Friday, the dissemination of losses was inevitable.

New York scholarships, in turn, plummeted for the second consecutive day and closed the trading session with losses over 5% on their three main stock rates. The general feeling of risk aversion intensified early in the session, with the announcement that China intends to retaliate the United States with a 34% tariff over American imports.

Dow Jones fell 5.50%at 38,314.86 points; you? And Nasdaq retreated 5.82% at 15,587.79 points, entering Bear Market with a drop of more than 20% since his record in December. In the week, Dow Jones fell 7.86%, S&P 500 lost 9.08%and Nasdaq fell 10.02%.

It was the worst weekly performance of the three rates since the height of the COVID-19 crisis, which has raised concerns about a possible recession of the largest economy on the planet.

The actions of the so -called “Seven Magnificent” – Microsoft, Tesla, Nvidia, Apple, Amazon.com, Meta Platforms and Alphabet – also plummeted again, just a day after the group loses $ 1.03 trillion in market value. In the last two days, the loss added $ 1.83 trillion, raising to $ 4.26 trillion the devaluation since the beginning of the new government.

Vix Volatility Index, known as the “Fear Thermometer” on Wall Street, has risen about 50%, reaching the highest level since August 2024. “In this environment, of doubts and uncertainties, investors have triggered the panic button and intensified the search for assets considered safer, which was reflected in the strong drop in the yields of Treasuries (according to these appreciation of these. Titles) ”, points out Agora Investimentos.

5. Uncertainties will continue?

Amid so much market volatility and recession fears, Trump’s next steps and the reaction of the countries – besides China – about the retaliation of tariffs will be on investors radar.

“It’s a kind of (realization of) worst fear about the direction that the tariff program is taking,” said Rick Meckler, partner of Cherry Lane Investments, a family investment office in New Vernon, New Jersey.

“For investors who were sure it was just a negotiation – although this can still be true at some point – the situation is deepening much more in detail and becoming more dangerous to companies.”

(with Reuters and Estadão Content)

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